Designing a new water turbine bearing, or even refurbishing an existing bearing, can be problematic. Bearing materials are critical in many applications, and considering how one can mitigate design flaws should be considered at the time of design. We will review the key factors that plague water-bearing designs, examining water quality issues, shaft sleeves, and the vacuum that can be created under the bearing, as well as additional pitfalls that can shorten the life of a bearing.